Tag Archives: 1992

1992 – HP Journal Index

February 1992 v.43 n.1

Cover: An artist’s rendition of an analog oscilloscope display and an HP 54600A oscilloscope display of the output of a circuit designed to synchronize an asynchronous event such as a keypress to a microprocessor clock.

Low-Cost, 100-MHz Digitizing Oscilloscopes. The HP 54600 Series oscilloscopes combine the convenience, familiarity, and display responsiveness of analog oscilloscopes with the features, accuracy, and measurement power of a digital architecture, by Robert A. Witte, pg 6-11

A High Throughput Acquisition Architecture for a 100-MHz Digitizing Oscilloscope. Two custom integrated circuits offload functions from the system microprocessor to increase waveform throughput and give the HP 54600 digitizing oscilloscopes the “look and feel” of an analog oscilloscope, by Daniel P. Timm, Matthew S. Holcomb, pg 11-20

Sample Rate and Display Rate in Digitizing Oscilloscopes, by Robert A. Witte, pg 18-19

A Fast, Built-In Test System for Oscilloscope Manufacturing. Following a verification strategy instead of a screening or characterization strategy, a special module was designed to replace the computer input/output option module of the HP 54600 Series oscilloscopes. The resulting test system has reduced both equipment costs and test times to one tenth those of previous test systems, by Stuart O. Hall, Jay A. Alexander, pg 21-28

Verification Strategy, pg 22

Stimulus/Response Defect Diagnosis in Production, by Chris J. Magnuson, pg 27

Measuring Frequency Response and Effective Bits Using Digital Signal Processing Techniques. Frequency response and effective bits are informative measurements of digital oscilloscope performance, and can be calculated by efficient algorithms using the fast Fourier transform, by Martin B. Grove, pg 29-35. 54600A, 54601A.

Calculating Effective Bits from Signal-to-Noise Ratio, pg 34

Mechanical Design of the HP 54600 Series Oscilloscopes. Simplicity of manufacture and a minimum of parts were the approaches taken to achieve high quality and reliability. Robotic assembly wasn’t a consideration, so rotating motions were often chosen to mate components in final assembly, by Robin P. Yergenson, Timothy A. Figge, pg 36-40

EMC Design of the HP 54600 Series Oscilloscopes. By a combination of electronic circuit design and mechanical shielding techniques, the design meets German FTZ standards and, with optional shielding, most U.S. military standards for electromagnetic compatibility, by Kenneth D. Wyatt, pg 41-45

Digital Oscilloscope Persistence. Autostore, a storage technique for monochrome digital storage oscilloscopes, displays historical traces at half intensity and the most recent, or live, trace at full intensity. The technique allows new ways of viewing signals, by James A. Kahkoska, pg 45-47

A High-Resolution, Multichannel Digital-to-Analog Converter for Digital Oscilloscopes. This 16-bit, 16 channel DAC is used for microprocessor adjustment of fourteen dc signals that control the analog section of the main oscilloscope board in the HP 54601A digitizing oscilloscope. It also provides a high-accuracy dc reference for calibrating the vertical gain, by Grosvenor H. Garnett, pg 48-56

Using the High Resolution, Multichannel DAC in the HP 54601A Oscilloscope, by Mark P. Schnaible, pg 54-55

Comparing Analog and Digital Oscilloscopes for Troubleshooting. The analog oscilloscope has remained the troubleshooter’s instrument of choice even though the digital oscilloscope has replaced it for laboratory analysis. However, the analog oscilloscope has limitations, especially in digital troubleshooting, by Jerald B. Murphy, pg 57-59. 54600.

Authors February 1992: Robert [Bob] A. White, Mathew [Matt] S. Holcomb, Daniel [Dan] P. Timm, Stuart O. Hall, Jay A. Alexander, Martin [Marty] B. Grove, Robin [Rob] P. Vergenson, Timothy [Tim] A. Figge, Kenneth [Ken] D. Wyatt, James A. Kahkoska, Grosvenor [Grove] H. Garnett, Jerald [Jerry] B. Murphy, John McShane, William [Bill] W. Crandall, pg 60-61

An Introduction to Neural Nets. Unlike conventional algorithms, neural net algorithms can learn the mapping between input and output. Neural nets represent information in a distributed, rather than local, way, and can have different topologies depending on the application. This paper explains these features, lists major application areas, and briefly discusses hardware and software for development, by John McShane, pg 62-65

Design Challenges for Distributed LAN Analysis. The design of a distributed local area network management system is primarily a problem of data reduction, data transmission, and data presentation. HP ProbeView software and LanProbe monitors continuously monitor the health of an Ethernet or IEEE 802.3 network to allow the diagnosis of complicated problems without dispatched equipment, by William W. Crandall, pg 66-76

Poor Network Partitioning, pg 76

April 1992 v.43 n.2

Cover: A view of a VXIbus module and the backplane of a VXIbus mainframe

VXIbus: A Standard for Test and Measurement System Architecture. The VXIbus standard defines an open architecture that allows instrumentation and processors from various manufacturers to operate together within a single chassis or mainframe, by Lawrence A. DesJardin, pg 6-14. VMEbus.

The HP VXIbus Mainframes, pg 9-10

VXIbus Terminology, pg 13

The VXIbus From an Instrument Designer’s Perspective. HP has defined a set of internal standards to compensate for some missing aspects of the VXIbus standard that are critical to instrument design, by Gregory A. Hill, Steven J. Narciso, pg 15-23. IEEE 488.2.

Examples of Message-Based VXIbus Instruments, by Don Smith, Harald Mattes, Helmut Sennewald, Tony Lymer, pg 20-21

Small, Low Cost Mainframe with a Register-Based Interface, by Von Campbell, pg 22

Design of Mainframe Firmware in an Open Architecture Environment. Compatibility, portability, expandability, usability, scalability, and compliance with SCPI are some of the attributes designed into HP’s VXIbus mainframe firmware, by Paul B. Worrell, pg 24-28

Real Time Multitasking of Instruments in the VXIbus Command Modules. The operating system in HP’s command modules uses two reentrant processes to handle communication between the user and instruments on the VXIbus, by Christopher P. Kelly, pg 29-34

VXI Programming in C. A library of C functions provides functionality that makes it easier for test program developers to create applications that communicate with HP-IB and VXIbus instruments, by Lee Atchison, pg 35-40

Achieving High Throughput with Register-Based Dense Matrix Relay Modules. With an onboard FIFO buffer and register-based programming, HP’s VXIbus dense matrix relay modules provide high throughput and a downsized, low-cost solution to matrix switching, by James B. Durr, Sam S. Tsai, pg 41-51. E1465A, E1466A, E1467A.

Mass Interconnect for VXIbus Systems. The HP 75000 family of VXIbus products includes a set of interconnect hardware that enables automatic test system developers to mount DUTs easily to HP’s VXIbus mainframe, by Calvin L. Erickson, pg 52-58

A Manufacturing-Oriented Digital Stimulus/Response Test Instrument. This digital functional tester consists of pattern I/0, timing, and command modules configured in a VXIbus mainframe. The maximum pattern rate is 20 MHz and pin-to-pin skew is less than 6 ns, by David P. Kjosness, pg 59-68. 75000 Model D20.

Digital Test Development Software for a VXIbus Tester. This software provides ease of use and direct control for the complex hardware of the HP 75000 Model D20 tester. It uses a spreadsheet paradigm and separates the programming of pattern data from that of timing, by Kenneth A. Ward, pg 69-74. E1496A.

The VXIbus in a Manufacturing Test Environment. Engineers at HP’s Loveland Instrument Division have found that using the VXIbus and the SCPI programming language provides benefits such as reduced test development time and system support costs, by Larry L. Carlson, Wayne H. Willis, pg 75-77. SCPI, Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments.

Authors April 1992: Lawrence [Larry] A. DesJardin, Gregory [Greg] A. Hill, Steven [Steve] J. Narciso, Paul B. Worrell, Christopher [Chris] P. Kelly, Lee Atchison, James [Jim] B. Durr, Sam S. Tsai, Calvin L. Erickson, David [Dave] P. Kjosness, Kenneth [Ken] A. Ward, Wayne H. Willis, Larry L. Carlson, Bieter Scherer, William [Bill] E. Strasser, James [Jim] D. McVey, Wayne M. Kelly, Michael [Mike] C. Fischer, Michael [Mike] J. Schoessow, Peter Tong, David [Dave] L. Barnard, James [Jim] A. Thalmann, Henry Black, Koichi Yanagawa, Michael [Mike] P. Moore, Eric N. Gullerud, pg 77-80

The Peak Power Analyzer, a New Microwave Tool. Gallium arsenide sensor design, a new calibration approach, switched amplification and processing of the envelope signals, leveraged digital oscilloscope technology, and microprocessor control provide calibration-free, accurate pulsed microwave power measurements, by Wayne M. Kelly, William E. Strasser, James D. McVey, Dieter Scherer, pg 81-89

Multilayer Shielding Protects Microvolt Signals in High-Interference Environment, by James L. Bertsch, Charles W. Cook, pg 84

GaAs Technology in Sensor and Baseband Design. In the HP 8990A peak power analyzer design, the detector diodes for the sensors are GaAs planar doped barrier diodes, and the switches in the switchable-gain baseband amplifier use GaAs FETs, by Michael J. Schoessow, Michael C. Fischer, Peter Tong, pg 90-94

Harmonic Errors and Average versus Peak Detection, by Michael C. Fischer, pg 94

Automatic Calibration for Easy and Accurate Power Measurements. Changes in input power, carrier frequency, and sensor temperature are automatically compensated for. The user is not required to disconnect the sensor from the device under test and connect it to a calibration source, by James A. Thalmann, David L. Barnard, Henry Black, pg 95-100. 8990A.

Testing the Peak Power Analyzer Firmware, by Jayesh K. Shah, pg 99

An Advanced 5-Hz-to-500-MHz Network Analyzer with High Speed, Accuracy, and Dynamic Range. A three-processor design provides a measurement speed of 400 microseconds per point, fast enough to keep up with manual adjustments. Maximum frequency resolution is 0.001 Hz. Dynamic accuracy is ±0.05 dB in amplitude and ±0.3 degree in phase. Sensitivity of the three receiver channels is -130 dBm, and dynamic range is 110 dB or 130 dB, depending on the sweep mode, by Koichi Yanagawa, pg 101-109. 8751A.

A High-Performance Measurement Coprocessor for Personal Computers. This plug-in card brings test and measurement coprocessing power to ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) personal computers with greater calculation speed and better HP-IB performance than its predecessor. It also has DMA capability, by Mike Moore, Eric N. Gullerud, pg 110-116. 82324A.

Measurement Coprocessor ASIC, pg 112-113

Measurement Coprocessor History, pg 114

June 1992 v.43 n.3

Cover: An artist rendition of the transformation that take place when source code through register reassociation and software pipelining compiler optimizations

HP-UX Operating System Kernel Support for the HP 9000 Series 700 Workstations. Because much of the Series 700 hardware design was influenced by the system’s software architecture, engineers working on the kernel code were able to make changes to the kernel that significantly improved overall system performance, by Jeffrey R. Glasson, Karen Kerschen, pg 6-10

An Example of the FTEST Instruction, pg 10

Providing HP-UX Kernel Functionality on a New PA-RISC Architecture. To ensure customer satisfaction and produce a high-performance, high-quality workstation on a very aggressive schedule, a special management structure, a minimum product feature set, and a modified development process were established, by Dawn L. Yamine, Donald E. Bollinger, Frank P. Lemmon, pg 11-14. 9000 Series 700.

New Optimizations for PA-RISC Compilers. Extensions to the PA-RISC architecture exposed opportunities for code optimizations that enable compilers to produce code that significantly boosts the performance of applications running on PA-RISC machines, by Robert C. Hansen, pg 15-23

Link Time Optimizations, by Carl Burch, pg 22

HP 9000 Series 700 FORTRAN Optimizing Preprocessor. By combining HP design engineering and quality assurance capabilities with a well-established third party product, the performance of Series 700 FORTRAN programs, as measured by key workstation benchmarks, was improved by more than 30%, by Daniel J. Magenheimer, Alan C. Meyer, Sue A. Meloy, Robert A. Gottlieb, pg 24-32

Vector Library, pg 29-30

Register Reassociation in PA-RISC Compilers. Optimization techniques added to PA-RISC compilers result in the use of fewer machine instructions to handle program loops, by Vatsa Santhanam, pg 33-38

Software Pipelining in the PA-RISC Compilers. The performance of programs with loops can be improved by having the compiler generate code that overlaps instructions from multiple iterations to exploit the available instruction-level parallelism, by Sridhar Ramakrishnan, pg 39-45

Shared Libraries for HP-UX. Transparency is the main contribution of the PA-RISC shared library implementation. Most users can begin using shared libraries without making any significant changes to their existing applications, by Michelle A. Ruscetta, Cary A. Coutant, pg 46-53

Deferred Binding, Relocation, and Initialization of Shared Library Data, by Marc Sabatella, pg 52

Integrating an Electronic Dictionary into a Natural Language Processing System. This paper discusses the types of electronic dictionaries available and the trends in electronic dictionary technology, and provides detailed discussion of particular dictionaries. It describes the incorporation of one of the electronic dictionaries into Hewlett-Packard’s natural language understanding system and discusses various computer applications that could use the technology now available, by Diana C. Roberts, pg 54-65

Authors June 1992:  Karen Kerschen, Jeffrey R. Glasson, Frank P. Lemmon, Donald [Don] E. Bollinger, Dawn L. Yamine, Robert [Bob] C. Hansen, Daniel [Dan] J. Magenheimer, Robert [Bob] A. Gottlieb, Alan C. Meyer, Sue A. Meloy, Vatsa Santhanam, Sridhar Ramakrishnan, Cary A. Coutant, Michelle A. Ruscetta, Diana C. Roberts, Dale D. Russell, Susan S. Spach, Ronald [Ron] W. Pulleyblank, pg 65-67

Application of Spatial Frequency Methods to Evaluation of Printed Images. Contrast transfer function methods, applied in pairwise comparisons, differentiated between print algorithms, dot sizes, stroke widths, resolutions (dpi), smoothing algorithms, and toners. Machine judgments based on these methods agreed with the print quality judgment of a panel of trained human observers, by Dale D. Russell, pg 68-75

Parallel Raytraced Image Generation. Simulations of an experimental parallel processor architecture have demonstrated that four processors can provide a threefold improvement in raytraced image rendering speed compared to sequential rendering, by Ronald W. Pulleyblank, Susan S. Spach, pg 76-83

August 1992 v.43 n.4

Cover: The PCX-S chipset for the Apollo 9000 Series 700 workstations includes a CPU, a floating-point-co-processor, and a memory and system bus controller

Midrange PA-RISC Workstations with Price/Performance Leadership. The HP 9000 Models 720, 730 and 750 workstations achieve exceptional performance ratings on industry-standard benchmarks through a combination of a high CPU clock rate (up to 66 MHz) and tuning of the subsystem, compiler, and operating system designs. This article presents an overview of the hardware design, by Andrew J. DeBaets, Kathleen M. Wheeler, pg 6-11

HP 9000 Series 700 Workstation Firmware, by Deborah A. Savage, pg 9

VLSI Circuits for Low-End and Midrange PA-RISC Computers. The major VLSI chips for the HP 9000 Series 700 workstations include a central processing unit with 577,000 transistors, a floating-point coprocessor with 640,000 transistors, and a memory and input/output controller with 185,000 transistors, by Thomas O. Meyer, Craig A. Gleason, Mark A. Forsyth, Leith Johnson, Steven T. Mangelsdorf, pg 12-22

PA-RISC Performance Modeling and Simulation, by Richard G. Fowles, pg 21

ECL Clocks for High-Performance RISC Workstations. In the HP 9000 Series 700 workstations, clock signals are distributed using differential ECL circuits, and the VLSI chips have CMOS inputs operating at ECL levels. Critical clock delay signals are routed on 50-ohm striplines on printed circuits board inner layers, by Frank J. Lettang, pg 23-25

HP 9000 Series 700 Input/Output Subsystem. Integrated on a single 8.5-by-11 inch I/0 board is hardware support for the SCSI, the Centronics parallel printer interface, two RS-232 ports, the IEEE 802.3 LAN, the HP-HIL, four audio tone generators, and a real-time clock. An application-specific IC serves as I/0 subsystem controller, by Daniel Li, Audrey B. Gore, pg 26-33

Design Verification of the HP 9000 Series 700 PA-RISC Workstations. First a high-level system model was stimulated and compared with a reference machine running both HP standard and pseudorandom test programs. Then the same tests were run on hardware prototypes. All chips were able to boot the operating system on first silicon, by Steve W. LaMar, Gregory D. Burroughs, Ali M. Ahi, Chi-Yen R. Lin, Audrey B. Gore, Alan L. Wiemann, pg 34-42

HP Standard PA-RISC Test Programs, pg 35

Simulation Toolset, pg 36

Debugging Tools, pg 39

Metrics, pg 41

Mechanical Design of the HP 9000 Models 720 and 730 Workstations. The CPU board, I/0 board, graphics board, power supply, mass storage tray, and EISA board assembly are designed as easily accessible modules to support the design goals of low cost, accessibility, serviceability, and manufacturability. The appearance is new, attractive, and compatible with existing HP computer products, by John P. Hoppal, Arlen L. Roesner, pg 43-48

Meeting Manufacturing Challenges for PA-RISC Workstations. To meet the time-to-market goals for the HP 9000 Series 700 workstations, major contributions were made in design for manufacturability and in expediting standard processes. One manufacturing operation installed a new surface mount production facility and developed a new printed circuit production process simultaneously, by Kevin W. Allen, Paul Roeber, Samuel K. Hammel, Spencer M. Ure, Anna M. Hargis, pg 49-54

High-Performance Designs for the Low-Cost PA-RISC Desktop. This paper presents the processor, memory, graphics, multimedia, and built-in core I/0 design of the new HP 9000 Models 705 and 710 entry-level, scalable PA-RISC workstations. The use of a buffered CPU/memory interconnect is important for scaling the high-frequency, high-performance processor design to the entry-level desktop, by John A. Dykstal, Don C. Soltis, Jr., Robert J. Hammond, Craig R. Frink, pg 55-63

Low-Cost Plain-Paper Color Inkjet Printing. The HP DeskWriter C and DeskJet 500C are based on advanced thermal inkjet technology in the form of a 300-dpi three-color inkjet print cartridge. The printers and software drivers that use this cartridge were developed on an aggressive one-year schedule, by Daniel A. Kearl, Michael S. Ard, pg 64-68

Thermal Inkjet Review, or How Do Dots Get from the Pen to the Page, by James P. Shields, pg 67

Ink and Print Cartridge Development for the HP DeskJet 500C/DeskWriter C Printer Family. A new trichamber print cartridge allows the low-cost HP DeskJet printer platform to print in color. The ink vehicle, dyes, dye concentrations, and interactions had to be carefully traded off to optimize performance with respect to color bleed, color saturation, composite black production, edge acuity, drying time, and resistance to crusting, by Daniel A. Kearl, Loren E. Johnson, Craig Maze, James P. Shields, pg 69-76

Color Science in Three Color Inkjet Print Cartridge Development, by John M. Skene, pg 71-72

Making HP Print Cartridges Safe for Consumers Around the World, by Michael L. Holcomb, pg 76

Automated Assembly of the HP DeskJet 500C/DeskWriter C Color Print Cartridge. Roughly 60% of the assembly technology had to be developed especially for the color print cartridge. Plastic welding, adhesive dispensing, TAB circuit staking, and ink fill were among the challenges, by Mark C. Huth, Lee S. Mason, pg 77-83

Color Inkjet Print Cartridge Ink Manifold Design, by Gregory W. Blythe, pg 82-83

Adhesive Material and Equipment Selection for the HP DeskJet 500C/DeskWriter C Color Print Cartridge. The adhesive joins the printhead to the cartridge body and maintains color ink separation at the interface. The encapsulant protects the electrical bonds. Special equipment was designed to dispense these materials with high precision in very small volumes, by Terry M. Lambright, Douglas J. Reed, pg 84-86

Machine Vision in Color Print Cartridge Production. In production of the tricolor print cartridges for the HP DeskJet 500C and DeskWriter C printers, machine version is used for filter stake inspection, adhesive and encapsulant dispenser calibration, structural adhesive inspection, and automatic print quality evaluation, by Michael J. Monroe, pg 87-92

HP DeskWriter C Printer Driver Development. Running on the host computer, the driver provides all of the intelligent formatting, rasterizing, color matching, and dithering for this affordable black and color printer, by William J. Allen, Steven O. Miller, Toni D. Courville, pg 93-102

An Interactive User Interface for Material Requirements Planning. For planners and buyers in the manufacturing business environment, HP MRP Action Manager is an online, interactive tool that automates many of the traditional paper-intensive activities of material requirements planning, by Barbara J. Williams, Alvina Y. Nishimoto, William J. Gray, pg 103-110. Action Manager for NewWave.

HP MRP Action Manager Project Management, pg 108

Authors August 1992: Andrew [Andy] J. DeBaets, Kathleen [Kathy] M. Wheeler, Mark A. Forsyth, Craig A. Gleason, Leith Johnson, Steven [Steve] T. Mangelsdorf, Thomas [Tom] O. Meyer, Frank J. Lettang, Daniel Li, Ali M. Ahi, Gregory [Greg] D. Burroughs, Audrey B. Gore, Steve W. LaMar, Chi-Yen [Robert] R. Lin,  Alan L. Wiemann, John P. Hoppal, Arlen L. Roesner, Kevin W. Allen, Samuel [Kelley] K. Hammel, Anna Marie Hargis, Paul Roeber, Spencer [Spence] M. Ure, John A. Dykstal, Craig R. Frink, Robert [Bob] J. Hammond,  Don C. Soltis, Jr., Daniel [Dan] A. Kearl, Michael [Mike] S. Ard, Craig Maze, Loren E. Johnson, James [Jay] P. Shields, Lee S. Mason, Mark C. Huth, Douglas [Doug] J. Reed, Terry M. Lambright, Michael [Mike] J. Monroe, William [Will] J. Allen, Toni D. Courville, Steven O. Miller, Alvina Y. Nishimoto, William [Bill] J. Gray, Barbara J. Williams, pg 111-115

October 1992 v. 43 n.5

Cover: the HP 4980 Network Advisor can be connected to a network like any other node to monitor the health of the network. This rendition depicts a token ring network with several workstations and the Network Advisor connected to it.

The HP Network Advisor: A Portable Test Tool for Protocol Analysis. This network protocol analysis tool combines expert system technology with a comprehensive set of network statistics and protocol decodes to speed problem resolution for token ring and Ethernet network, by Edmund G. Moore, pg 6-10. 4980.

Network Advisor Product Enhancement Philosophy, pg 9

Embedding Artificial Intelligence in a LAN Test Instrument. The knowledge and processes used by a skilled LAN troubleshooter are built into an interactive expert system application that runs on HP 4980 Series Network Advisor protocol analyzers, by Rod Unverrich, Stephen Witt, Scott Godlew, pg 11-21. 4980.

The User Interface for the HP 4980 Network Advisor Protocol Analyzer. A PC-based, object-oriented software architecture forms the underpinning for the HP 4980 Network Advisor’s user interface, by Thomas A. Doumas, pg 22-28

Object-Oriented Design and Smalltalk, pg 24

The Forth Interpreter, by Robert L. Vixie, pg 24

The Network Advisor Analysis and Real-Time Environment. The user interface and protocol decode applications of the HP 4980 Network Advisor use the services of a software platform that provides real-time protocol analysis and an interface to the network under test, by Sunil Bhat, pg 29-33

Network Advisor Protocol Analysis: Decodes. The decodes feature of the Network Advisor allows users to traverse from a high-level summary of protocol information to a bit-level interpretation of the protocol data, by Rona J. Prufer, pg 34-40. 4980.

Mechanical Design of the HP 4980 Network Advisor. The package design for the Network Advisor was guided by the electrical, mechanical, and ergonomic requirements of a PC-based protocol analyzer, by Kenneth R. Krebs, pg 41-47

The Microwave Transition Analyzer: A New Instrument Architecture for Component and Signal Analysis. The microwave transition analyzer brings time-domain analysis to RF and microwave component engineers. A very wide-bandwidth, dual-channel front end, a precisely uniform sampling interval, and powerful digital signal processing provide unprecedented measurement flexibility, including the ability to measure magnitude and phase transitions as fast as 25 picoseconds, by David J. Ballo, John A. Wendler, pg 48-62

Frequency Translation as Convolution, pg 61

Design Considerations in the Microwave Transition Analyzer. Digital signal processing is used extensively to improve the performance of the microwave sampler, the sample-rate synthesizer and the high-speed analog-to-digital converter, and to extract and display input signal characteristics in both the time domain and the frequency domain, by John A. Wendler, Michael Dethlefsen, pg 63-71. 71500A.

A Visual Engineering Environment for Test Software Development. Software development for computer-automated testing is dramatically eased by HP VEE, which allows a problem to be expressed on the computer using the conceptual model most common to the technical user: the block diagram, by Douglas C. Beethe, William L. Hunt, pg 72-77. VEE.

Object-Oriented Programming in a Large System, by William L. Hunt, pg 76

Developing an Advanced User Interface for HP VEE. Simplicity and flexibility were the primary attributes that guided the user interface development. Test programs generated with HP VEE can have the same advanced user interface as HP VEE itself, by William L. Hunt, pg 78-83. Visual Engineering Environment.

HP VEE: A Dataflow Architecture. HP VEE is an object-oriented implementation. Its architecture strictly separates views from the underlying models. There are two types of models: data models and device models. Special devices allow users to construct composite devices, by Douglas C. Beethe, pg 84-88. Visual Engineering Environment.

A Performance Monitoring System for Digital Telecommunications Networks. This system collects CCITT G.821 performance statistics on CEPT 2, 8, 34, and 140-Mbit/s data streams and alarm data on network elements. A demux capability permits monitoring of tributary streams within a data stream. Data is collected nonintrusively by peripheral units, which are modular VXIbus systems, by Alberto Vallerini, Fernando M. Secco, Giovanni Nieddu, pg 89-99. E3560.

Authors October 1992: Edmund [Ed] G. Moore, Scott Godlew, Rod Unverrich, Stephen [Steve] Witt, Thomas [Tom] A. Doumas, Sunil Bhat, Rona J. Prufer, Kenneth [Ken] R. Krebs, David J. Ballo, John A. Wendler, Michael [Mike] Dethlefsen, Douglas [Doug] C. Beethe, William [Bill] L. Hunt, Giovanni [Gianni] Nieddu, Fernando M. Secco, Alberto Vallerini, Chu-Sun [Chu] Yen, Richard [Rick] C. Walker, Patrick [Pat] T. Petruno, Cheryl Stout, Benny W. H. Lai, William [Bill] J. McFarland, pg 100-102

G-Link: A Chipset for Gigabit-Rate Data Communication. Two easy-to-use IC chips convert parallel data for transmission over high-speed serial links. A special encoding algorithm ensures dc balance in the transmitted data stream. A binary-quantized phase-locked loop is used for clock recovery. An on-chip state machine manages link startup automatically, by Cheryl Stout, William J. McFarland, Richard C. Walker, Benny W. H. Lai, Chu-Sun Yen, Patrick T. Petruno, pg 103-116

Bang-Bang Loop Analysis, by Richard W. Walker, pg 110

December 1992 v.43 n.6

Cover: The pen carriage of the HP DesignJet large-format thermal inkjet drafting plotter is shown with a DesignJet plot.

A Large-Format Thermal Inkjet Drafting Plotter. The HP DesignJet drafting plotter combines the low cost of pen plotters with the speed of electrostatic plotters. Throughput is almost independent of drawing complexity. The plotter uses the same roll and sheet media as pen plotters, and in roll mode, automatically cuts and stack plots for unattended operation, by John F. Meyer, Samuel A. Stodder, Robert A. Boeller, Victor T. Escobedo, pg 6-15

DesignJet Plotter User Interface Design: Learning the Hard Way about Human Interaction, by P. Jeffrey Wield, pg 12

Electronic and Firmware Design of the HP DesignJet Drafting Plotter. High-performance vector-to-raster conversion and print engine control are provided by a RISC processor, two single-chip processors, and three custom integrated circuits. Development of the electronics and firmware made extensive use of emulation and simulation, by Anne P. Kadonaga, James R. Schmedake, Iue-Shuenn Chen, Alfred Holt Mebane IV, pg 16-23

Pen Alignment in a Two-Pen, Large-Format, Inkjet Drafting Plotter. Misalignments are found by using a quad photodiode sensor to measure test patterns printed on the media. Scan-direction errors are corrected by timing adjustments. Media-direction errors are corrected algorithmically and mechanically, by Robert D. Haselby, pg 24-27. DesignJet.

DesignJet Plotter Chassis Design: A Concurrent Engineering Challenge. Instead of the expensive prestraightened slider rods used in previous designs to form the guideway for the pen carriage, the DesignJet chassis uses rods that are straightened during assembly and held in place by a low-cost rigid structure. The chassis components, assembly process, and assembly tooling had to be developed concurrently, by Timothy A. Longust, pg 28-31

DesignJet Plotter End Covers Produced by Coinjection, by Steven R. Card, pg 31

DesignJet Plotter Mechanical Architecture Development Process. By investing several months in designer communication before beginning detailed prototype design, an architecture was developed that was subsequently never changed, allowing the project to reach manufacturing release a month early. Costs for most subsystems were lower than expected, by Chuong Ta, David M. Petersen, pg 32-34

Improved Drawing Reliability for Drafting Plotters. The SurePlot drawing system, a feature of the HP DraftMaster Plus drafting plotter, significantly enhances drawing reliability and unattended plotting ability. The system is based on a noncontact color optical line sensor that verifies the writing of the pens, by Isidre Rosello, Joan Uroz, Josep Giralt Adroher, Robert W. Beauchamp, pg 35-41

Average User Plot, pg 36

Acceptable Quality Level Index, pg 37

An Automatic Media Cutter for a Drafting Plotter. This simple, reliable, low-cost cutter is a classical rotating and linear blade design. It requires no separate drive motors and does not interfere with normal plotting performance. To quantify its performance, cut quality parameters and measurement methods were defined, by David Perez, Josep Abella, Ventura Caamano Agrafojo, pg 42-48. DraftMaster Plus.

Definitions and Measurement Procedures for Cut Quality Parameters, pg 46-47

Reengineering of a User Interface for a Drafting Plotter. An existing user interface has been successfully reengineered and plotter usability enhanced by selecting, combining, and adapting software prototype techniques and standard software development methodologies, by Jordi Gonzalez, Jaume Ayats Ardite, Carles Castellsague Pique, pg 49-55. DraftMaster Plus.

A Multiprocessor HP-UX Operating System for HP 9000 Computers. The system supports up to four processors in the HP 9000 Model 870 computer, significantly increasing online transaction processing (OLTP) performance without degrading uniprocessor performance, by Douglas V. Larson, Kyle A. Polychronis, pg 56-61

Next-Generation Multiprocessor HP-UX, pg 58

Advances in Integrated Circuit Packaging: Demountable TAB. State-of-the-art IC packaging, particularly with RISC architecturess, demands performance at a high lead count. This paper presents some of the fundamental topics in IC packaging, formulates the principal criteria by which single-chip IC packages are judged, and evaluates existing industry-standard packages. A new packaging technology is described that addresses the unsatisfied packaging needs of modern digital systems, by Farid Matta, pg 62-77

The EISA Standard for the HP 9000 Series 700 Workstations. The EISA interface on the HP 9000 Series 700 workstations provides a high-performance, expandable architecture that allows peripherals using different I/0 standards to communicate with the system on the same I/0 bus, by Vicente V. Cavanna, Christopher S. Liu, pg 78-82. Extended Industry Standard Architecture.

EISA Cards for the HP 9000 Series 700 Workstations. The EISA specification’s high-performance, burst-cycle protocol for data transfer is provided on the Series 700 EISA cards through the implementation of DMA and EISA bus master interfaces, by David S. Clark, Andrea C. Lantz, Christopher S. Liu, Thomas E. Parker, Joseph H. Steinmetz, pg 83-96. Extended Industry Standard Architecture.

Board-Level Simulation of the Series 700 EISA Cards, pg 94-95

Software for the HP EISA SCSI Card. Two software architectures, one offline and the other online, are used to provide EISA SCSI support for the HP 9000 Series 700 workstations, by Bill Thomas, Alan C. Berkema, Eric G. Tausheck, Brian D. Mahaffy, pg 97-108. Extended Industry Standard Architecture.

Update on the SCSI Standard, pg 103-104. See Also: Correction: Two missing lines from page 103, on page 19 in the February 1993 issue

Adapting the NCR 53C710 to Minimize Interrupt Impact on Performance, pg 105

An Architecture for Migrating to an Open Systems Solution. A process and a model have been developed that provide an easy growth path to a client/server, open systems architecture for information technology applications, by Michael E. Thompson, Gregson P. Siu, Jonathan van den Berg, pg 109-114. WSS, Worldwide Support Systems.

Authors December 1992: Robert [Bob] A. Boeller, Samuel [Sam] A. Stodder, John F. Meyer, Victor T. Escobedo, Alfred Holt Mebane IV, James [Jim] R. Schmedake, Iue-Shuenn Chen, Anne Park Kadonaga, Robert [Bob] D. Haselby, Timothy [Tim] A. Longust, David [Dave] M. Petersen, Chuong Ta, Robert W. Beauchamp, Joseph Giralt Adroher, Joan Uroz, Isidre Rosello, Ventura Caamano Agrafojo, David Perez, Josep Abella, Jordi Gonzalez, Jaume Ayats Ardite, Carles Castellsague Pique, Kyle A. Polychronis, Douglas [Doug] V. Larson, Farid Matta, Vicente [Vince] V. Cavanna, Christopher [Chris] S. Liu, David S. Clark, Andrea C. Lantz, Thomas [Tom] E. Parker, Joseph [Joe] H. Steinmetz, Bill Thomas, Alan C. Berkema, Eric G. Tausheck, Brian D. Mahaffy, Michael [Mike] E. Thompson, Gregson P. Siu, Jonathan [Jon] van den Berg, pg 115-119

Index: Volume 43 January 1992 through December 1992. PART 1: Chronological Index, pg 120-122. PART 2: Subject Index, pg 122-126. PART 3: Product Index, pg 127. PART 4: Author Index, pg 127-128.

1992 – MEASURE Magazine

January-February 1992 HP: A Movable Feast

  • HP and the stock market, and how Wall Street analysts view financial results; trading terms defined. 3-6
  • HP test equipment used on Discovery space shuttle. 7-10
  • HP reduces use of chlorofluorocarbons by 67 percent. 11
  • Telecom ’91 is important showcase for HP’s telecommunications products. 12-15
  • Taco Bell automates using HP Vectra personal computers, software, printers. 16-19
  • HP’s Exeter Computer Manufacturing Operation (ECMO) in Exeter, N.H., makes transition into part of a global company. 20-22
  • HP employees’ experiences in international business etiquette, multicultural communication. (diversity) 23-26
  • John Young discusses profit and process improvement. 27-28
  • HP ads appear on Singapore buses. 29
  • Fourth-quarter net revenue up 7 percent. 30
  • Egon Loebner, HP Labs scientist, dies of cancer. 31
  • HP acquires Avantek Inc. of Santa Clara. 31

March-April 1992 A Night at the Opera

  • Roseville, NOVA, manufacturing/engineering team reduce costs; efficiency within Systems Technology Division HP 9000, 3000 computer business systems and servers. 3-5
  • Interview with Ned Barnholt, vice president of Test and Measurement, discusses communications and information processing opportunities. 6-10
  • HP China employees talk about factors in reunifying China. 11-13
  • Employee photos from around the world. 14-17
  • Len Cutler “Father Time” biography and the history of HP’s atomic clock. 18-20
  • Experiences and challenges of HP’s International Sales Branch in 75 countries. 22-25
  • John Young talks about direction for the ’90s. 26-27
  • HP cardiac ultrasound unit given to St Petersburg, Russia, children’s hospital. 28
  • HP engineer to represent Junior Achievement delegation to USSR. 28
  • HP-75C portable computer used since 1984 by marine scientist. 29
  • Yokogawa Technology Museum displays products from HP Archive’s historical product collection. 30
  • Condolezza Rice and Thomas Everhart elected to board. 30
  • HP-35 first scientific pocket calculator celebrates 20th anniversary. 31
  • HP and Novell announce strategic relationship to develop NetWare operating system. 31
  • New products include new model of Apollo 9000 computer, ultrabright amber LEDs, modular oscilloscope. 31

May-June 1992 Taking a Bite out of the Apple Market

  • HP peripherals, printers and scanners for Macintosh users help HP compete with Apple; products from both companies are compared. 3-5
  • Four HP plants show how to improve quality: Boise, Idaho; Roseville, Calif.; UK; Penang, Malaysia; company’s quality improvement plan. 6-9
  • HP funds foundation to administer Malcolm Baldridge National Quality Award; award is most coveted by American companies. 10-12
  • HP’s European Business Partners are important link to users of HP computer products. 13-15
  • HP priorities and directions for the 1990s — mission, purpose statement, electronic information highway utility, information utility and appliances. (insert)
  • Santa Rosa, Microwave Technology Division, and Rohnert Park, Microwave Instrument Division and the Printed Circuit Assembly Center are featured. 17-20
  • Eagle project to streamline order-fulfillment processes. 21-23
  • Barb Stinnett, sales rep, breaks quota. 24-26
  • John Young discusses quality program. 27-28
  • Employees go dumpster diving to check on recycling program at Fort Collins, Colo. 29
  • Partnership Academies program builds academic and vocational skills of area high school students. 29
  • OML software on HP9000 Series 720 workstation demonstrated to England’s Prime Minister John Major. 30
  • YEC and HP form Yokogawa Analytical Systems (YAN). 30
  • HP 3000 Series 900 used to manage parole records for California Department of Corrections. 31

July-August 1992 90,000 Employees Can’t Be Wrong

  • Management, balancing people needs with business needs. 3-6
  • Employee survey, “If I could change one thing at HP,” conducted every two years. 8-10
  • 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake activates new preparedness programs at HP. 11-12
  • HP real estate philosophy changes; company trimming its holdings for last three years. 13-15
  • YHP holds open house in new facility in Kobe, Japan. 16-18
  • “Benchmarking” defined as comparing functional processes to perceived “best in class” companies to make improvements in effectiveness and efficiency. 20-22
  • UK employees commission “Goldfinger” rose to be bred for HP’s 50th anniversary; royalties go to charity. 23
  • Bob Boniface, retired executive vice president and board member, biography; Mary Tyler Moore poses with him in 1962 Wescon ad. 24-26
  • John Young discusses importance of people and leadership. 27
  • HP 110 portable PC run over by cars and still works. 28
  • HP ranks fourth in Money magazine survey of employee benefits. 28
  • HP makes $150,000 pledge to National Public Radio. 28
  • HP workstations used in designing Olympic dormitory in Barcelona. 29
  • HP volunteerism and philanthropy after Guadalajara explosion. 30
  • Information Architecture Group dispersed. 30
  • North American Field Operations (NAFO) reduces sales regions from five to four. 30
  • Second-quarter net earnings up 40 percent, net revenue up 12. 30
  • New products include HP 3000s and HP 9000s, Kittyhawk disk, HP FAX 200, 310, HP 83731A synthesized signal generator, HP Acoustic Quantification technology. 31

September – October 1992 An Eye on the Future

  • HP solicits customer suggestions. 3-6
  • Customer satisfaction, toll-free telephone response center for 24-hour support. 7-8
  • Interview with John Young. 9-13
  • Dean Morton, chief operating officer, reflects on his 32-year career at HP. 14-16
  • Two HP employees competing in 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona; HP drug testing equipment is used. 18-20
  • HP has 5 percent of Japanese optoelectronics and microwave components market, LEDs, and sees opportunity for growth; components design center, Tokyo. 21-24
  • Europe’s Nordic territory used to test distributed headquarters management model. 25
  • Mainframes-as-dinosaurs ad campaign promotes HP business computer systems. 29
  • HP Hong Kong team competes in Chinese dragon boat races. 29
  • John Young, president and CEO, announces plan to retire. 30
  • Third-quarter net revenue up 15 percent, net earnings down 1 percent. 30
  • HP Edisa, subsidiary in Brazil, touts environmental preservation. 31
  • HP assumes ownership of Magyarorszag Kft. subsidiary in Hungary. 31

November-December 1992 Getting to the Meat of the Problem

  • HP’s efforts to consolidate its data centers save millions of dollars. 3-7
  • Vancouver Division makes DeskJet printers, which have become world’s best-selling printers. 8-10
  • HP Spain Medical Products Group works with INSALUD, the agency which coordinates regional health-care services. 11-13
  • HP gas chromatographs help Armour Swift-Eckrich become a leader in food technology. 14-17
  • Corporate organization chart. (insert)
  • College recruiting important to fresh ideas at HP. 18-20
  • Ron Glass, Montana systems-support engineer, maintains HP equipment across state. 22-24
  • HP Taiwan’s environmental program adopts Tatun Natural Park. 25
  • New HP president and CEO, Lew Platt, introduces himself. 26-27
  • HP donates money and equipment to Hurricane Andrew relief in Fla. 28
  • HP volunteers use Legos to design buildings in K-12 science-in-school program. 29
  • HP acquires Texas Instruments. 29
  • HP Singapore holds Family Day. 30
  • Working Mother magazine rates HP in top 100 companies. 30
  • HP’s Marv Patterson writes book “Accelerating Innovation.” 31
  • HP acquires Colorado Memory Systems. 31
  • To improve profitability, HP announces Voluntary Severance Incentive program; 220 former Avantek employees laid off. 31

1992 – Packard Speeches

Box 1, Folder 35B – HP Management

 

July 16, 1992, Message to HP People Everywhere Regarding the Change in HP’s Executive Leadership

 

7/16/92,  Copy of typewritten text of statement

 

“Yesterday you learned that there will be a change in the executive leadership of our company on November 1.

 

“The changes were recommended by the Succession Committee which was established by the Board two years ago to deal with some of the problems that were having an adverse influence on the performance of our Company, and to make recommendations for the future leadership of the Company. Both Bill and I have been working closely with the Succession Committee since it was established.

 

“John Young has also been working closely with the committee in developing its recommendations and he has done a superb job in implementing the recommendations it has made.

 

“As the committee began to address the question of future leadership we recognized very early in our work that Lew Platt and Dick Hackborn were the two leading candidates. Each had outstanding ability which was not competitive but complementary. We thus recommended that Lew be the President and CEO and that Dick remain as Vice President in charge of Computer Products, which has been the most competitive and most profitable activity of our company. Our recommendations imply that both Lew and Dick will be equally important for the future of the Company.

 

“We had to deal with the issue of when the change in leadership should be made. The leadership of John and Dean has brought the Company to a dominant position of strength in our industry and we could have delayed the change for several years. We had two outstanding people, Lew and Dick, extremely well qualified, enthusiastic about accepting the opportunity and responsibility for the success of Hewlett-Packard in the years ahead. We decided the best course would be to make the change at the end of this fiscal year. Lew and Dick will become members of the Board when they take office on November 1. John and Dean will retire from the Board on October 31.

 

“This action was taken with a unanimous vote of the Succession Committee and the unanimous approval of the Board.

 

“I will remain as Chairman of the Board. Although Bill Hewlett has resigned from the Board he has a strong desire to support and help the new leadership.

 

“I want to take this opportunity to thank all of my fellow employees throughout the world for the steady way you have upheld the company objectives we laid out so many years ago. Bill and I also appreciate the hundreds of letters and communications we have received from so many of you since we have been dealing with these issues. We hope we will continue to hear from you in the future.

 

“It is gratifying to know how many of you want to help us keep HP as one of the best companies in the world. I have no doubt whatever that with your help we can, and we will, do just that.”

Box 5, Folder 40A – General Speeches

 

February 10. 1992 – Programs of the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, with emphasis on The Relationship of Population Control and Economic issues with Biodiversity, Palo Alto, CA. The forum of the speech is not given.

 

2/10/92, Copy of the text of this speech

 

Packard says the foundation has been “involved in environmental issues for over twenty years and many of these issues include biodiversity. Most of the environmental issues have been in California or other parts of the western United States and have involved the preservation of open space and endangered species, including marine species. Population pressures and related economic issues have almost always been involved but could generally be dealt with on a local basis.”

 

He says they became interested in the oceans of the world some twelve years ago and decided to build the Monterey Bay Aquarium as a first step. “The aquarium was designed to display the major marine habitats of the Monterey Bay. In doing this we have been extensively involved in the preservation of threatened or endangered species, sea otters and other marine mammals and several species of birds.

 

The resources of the oceans are so poorly managed that they produce only about half of the food they could produce under good management, and the pollution of the oceans is almost completely out of control. I am sure no one knows how many oceans species are threatened or endangered.”

 

Packard explains that the work in population control and environmental issues of the foundation has been expanded into Canada and Mexico, as well as other Central and South American countries. “From our experience so far,” he says, “we feel very strongly that the endangered species and related environmental problems can not be dealt with in any adequate way without taking into account the population pressures and the economic well being of the people who may be affected by the actions that are taken.”

 

Concluding that population and economic pressures are the main cause of environmental damage, Packard says he “does not see any hope that environmental damage can ever be stopped if the population and economic  pressures are not brought under control.

 

Packard tells of the foundation’s work in the preservation of certain species such as the Monarch Butterfly. “The presence  of this attractive insesct is enjoyed by thousands of people in Northern California and other parts of the United States and there do not appear to be any serious problems in protecting that part of their habitat in Mexico that is critical to their surivval.”

 

The foundation has also been active in helping protect the environment of the sea otter along the coast of Northern California. He notes, however, that “Because these creatures are so attractive to people, this program has more emotion than common sense. Thousands of dollars were spent to save a few sea otters from the Valdez oil spill, but there was no way to deal effectively with the thousands that were involved. Most of those that were saved from the effects of the oil were not returned to the ocean but were given to aquariums for their display.

 

“Frankly,” he says, “I do not think the preservation of individual species should always be the main object of … conservation endeavor[s]. I think the main objective should often be the establishment of a stable, self renewing biological environment. But that, of course, will assure the preservation of at least most of the species.”  He cites the example of the spotted owl in the forests of  the Northwestern United States which he says very few people have ever seen. “Despite the actions taken on behalf of the spotted owl the forests are not being managed on a long term self-renewing basis, and if they were it would provide an ample area for the preservation of these birds,” he states.

 

Talking about the long ocean frontage of Mexico Packard says this is another example where the preservation of specific endangered species in the ocean should not be the main objective. Instead he feels the oceans should be managed “so that they will be a stable, self renewing environment that will provide important resources for Mexico and the the rest of the world. In doing this the vast array of species that inhabit the oceans will be preserved.”

 

In some cases he feels “the preservation of a single species will be the catalyst for action. Catching dolphins in fishing nets…is a situation that must be corrected. This is an issue driven by emotion which can be corrected with a bit of common sense.”

 

Noting the forthcoming negotiations about the North American Common Market, Packard forsees “considerable opposition building up in the United States and some of the groups in opposition will certainly use environmental issues to support their opposition….I believe this distinguished group could be helpful to the President of Mexico by identifying issues that are likely to be troublesome and suggesting some actions that might be taken to reduce the influence of environmentalists in the United States who oppose the free trade treaty.”

 

 

Box 5, Folder 40B – General speeches

 

May 13, 1992 – Garden club of America, Cynthia Pratt Laughlin Medal, Baltimore, Maryland

 

May 13, 1992, Typewritten text of Packard’s acceptance speech

 

Packard was nominated for this award by the Carmel by the Sea Garden Club, and he expresses his appreciation to the Club President, Donna Dormody, for nominating him – “and to my friends who supported her nomination.”

 

Packard says when he first heard of his nomination for this award his first reaction was that there were certainly many other people than himself who were more deserving of such recognition. But then he recalled that he had, indeed, had a life long interest in gardening, first fostered by his mother. He says he began to help her plant a vegetable garden at their home in Pueblo, Colorado when he was about ten years old, adding that  “We planted a vegetable garden every spring, a practice I have followed in nearly every one of the seventy years since.”

 

In the 1920’s Packard, earned a little money in the summer by cutting the lawns of neighbors. Many other boys did likewise, but, he says, “Most of the boys would try to get the job done as quickly as possible, but from my mother’s guidance I was motivated to take a little more time and do the cutting and trimming as neatly as possible.” From this experience he learned  about the “better mouse trap theory.”

 

Packard graduated from Stanford in 1934 and took a job with the General Electric Company in Schenectady New York. He tells how he and Lucile Salter “a young lady I met at Stanford,” were married there in April of 1938, and how, in July, his interest in gardening “almost caused a divorce.…” He got up early one Saturday, his mind full of plans for a vegetable garden behind their house, and, as he tells it he “had the garden spaded and ready for planting when I went into the house to have a cup of coffee and found his wife in tears. In my zeal to get my garden planted I had completely forgotten that Saturday was her birthday!”

 

By 1950 “the Hewlett-Packard Company” he says, “was doing well and I began to extend my gardening interest into ranching. Bill Hewlett and I have major ranches in California and Idaho. We realized that the success of a cattle ranch is primarily dependent on the quality of the grasses and broad-leaf plants that provide the feed for the animals, and the trees and shrubs that protect the land from deterioration.”

 

Although “semi-retired” for the past 15 years or so, Packard says he has been “actively involved in restoring areas near the Monterey Bay to their original character. I have planted thousands of native trees and shrubs and established a nursery to produce grasses and plants that will survive long periods of drought that are becoming common in California.”

 

Packard closes by saying that “Gardening has been an important part of my life and it is a great honor to accept this award.”

 

5/13/92, Award Certificate for the Cynthia Pratt Laughlin Medal-1992. States that the medal is being awarded for “…outstanding achievement in environmental protection and the maintenance of the quality of life.” It says it was presented to David Packard “whose ongoing commitment to researching and fostering the growth of native plants and wildlife in California is encouraging long-term national efforts in the areas of conservation and the preservation of natural habitats.”

5/13/92, Summary for Candidates lists the Proposer, Seconders, and supporters.

5/13/92, Copy of a printed pamphlet describing the Garden Club of America

12/13/91, Copy of a letter to Packard from Mrs. Edward King Poor, III, National Chairman, Medal Award Committee, telling him he has been selected for the medal award.

1/22/92, Letter to Packard from Mrs. Edward King Poor III, saying she is “delighted” that he will be accepting the award, and giving details of the ceremony.

1/24/92, Letter to Packard from Donna Dean Dormody, President Carmel by the Sea Garden Club. She extends her congratulations on the award and says they are pleased that “a convervationist of your magnitude from this area has won such a prestigious award.”

2/21/92, Copy of a letter from Packard to Mrs. Edward King Poor, III sending a draft of his acceptance speech.

4/15/92, Copy of a letter to Packard from Mrs. Sellers J. Thomas, Jr., President of the Garden Club of America,  inviting him to a cocktail party on the evening of May 13, preceding the award dinner.

4/21/92, Copy of a letter from Packard to Mrs. Thomas accepting her invitation to the cocktail party.

May 12, 1992, Copy of Packard’s travel itinerary

 

 

Box 5, Folder 41 – General Speeches

 

October 5, 1992, Dataquest’s Semiconductor Industry Conference, Monterey, CA

 

10/5/92, Typewritten text of Packard’s comments

 

Packard says he wonders what he could say to this distinguished audience that would be interesting or helpful. “I know you are interested,” he says, “in the outcome of the election this fall. Although I have expressed my preference I do not think it will make much difference who wins. The United States economy is so thoroughly involved and so dependent on the worldwide economy that there is no strictly domestic action that will be constructive.”

 

So Packard says he will confine his remarks to two matters. “First, to tell you about how some of the management policies and practices of the Hewlett-Packard Company came about. Second, to make some observations about what I see as the future long range opportunities for this industry.

 

Before talking of the genesis of the HP Way, Packard says he would like to begin “with a bit of personal background.”

 

He tells of growing up in Pueblo Colorado and wanting to be an electrical engineer with General Electric Company. He built a radio station at home and continued his interest in radio when he came to Stanford. At Stanford he worked in the radio station which was near the radio laboratory of Professor Fred Terman, who would stop in once in a while.

 

Professor Terman arranged for Packard to attend his course which included visits to local industrial companies which were involved in radio – Heintz and Kaufman, Litton, Eitel, McCullough and Farnsworth.

 

Packard met Bill Hewlett and Ed Porter at Stanford. They became close friends, and in 1934, they decided to go into business for themselves after they graduated – thinking it would be difficult to get jobs during the current depression.

 

However, Packard was offered a job at General Electric in Schenecdtady, New York. Professor Terman encouraged Packard to accept the job to get some experience while Hewlett finished a year or two of graduate study.

 

Packard tells of his advisor at G.E. trying to interest him in power transmission and electric generators. These were not to his interest and he took a position in the refrigerator department. He worked in a shop making glass tubes about the size of gallon jugs. Many of the tubes were blowing up in the manufacturing process and he was given the job of finding out why. He says he worked with the factory people going through each step of the manufacturing process until they produced a batch with no failures.

 

“As I look back,” he says, “ my decision to work on that ignitron tube problem with the people in the factory had a profound influence on the management policies we developed for the Hewlett-Packard Company. That was the genesis of what has been called management by walking around. I learned that quality requires minute attention to every detail, that everyone in an organization wants to do a good job, that written instructions are seldom adequate and personal involvement is essential.”

 

Saying that personal involvement has been very important at all levels in  HP he gives a couple of examples. “In the middle of the 1970s our company was running low on cash and was planning to borrow $100 million. I realized that accounts receivable and inventories had got out of control, and I made a personal visit to nearly all of our operations to emphasize the importance of controlling these assets. It turned out that some of our procedures were at fault. These were corrected and by the end of the year instead of needing to borrow $100 million we had $100 million in the bank. Just a couple of years ago Bill and I began to receive complaints that the company was becoming to bureaucratic. We made some personal visits and learned that a division could not start a new product until it had been approved by six different committees at headquarters. These committee approvals were reduced to one, and our new product program is now far more productive.”

 

“…trying to provide long term security has been one of our policies,” Packard says. This began with concern about engineers. We had observed that in the aerospace industry in Southern California an outstanding team of engineers would be working for a firm that had an important contract.. When that contract was finished they were let go and had to find jobs at another firm which had a contract. Bill and I both thought this was a bad practice and we decided to concentrate our efforts on proprietary products so we could build a stable engineering team.

 

“Although our initial concern was about engineers, because of our close association with all of our employees in our early days, we extended this policy to include everyone.

 

“One of the important tenants of the HP Way was to finance our growth strictly from reinvesting our earnings.

 

He tells of working with his father who was a bankruptcy referee during the 1930s. He learned that a person or a business could survive if it had no long term debt. Often long term debt could not be refinanced during the depression and the person or business lost everything….We also felt it was desirable to have our employees own some share of the company. To do that we had an employee stock purchase plan  under which our employees could purchase stock at a 25% discount from the market.”

 

“From these examples of our early experience I think you can see that the HP Way was developed over a long period of time and was built on personal experiences of Bill and myself.

 

“Because of the success of the policies followed by the United States and the free world since the end of World War II, we now face an unprecedented dilemma. I do not think anyone can predict the short term outcome but there are two areas of basic research extending over the last twenty years or so that will have a profound influence on all industry based on high technology in the future. One is a new understanding about how life began on the earth, and this is related to how the universe began. The other is a new understanding about the structure of the atom.

 

Packard says the second area of basic research that will influence industry in the future is “The beginning of the universe.”

 

“The most widely accepted theory about the beginning of the universe is that it was created some six billion years ago by a ‘big bang’ whereby all of the mass was created in a fraction of a second from energy. Over the next two billion years this mass condensed into all of the galaxies of the universe. The earth was formed during this period and had cooled to its present configuration. Water had condensed and about 3.8 billion years ago life appeared in virus-like micro organisms that each contained a piece of DNA and RNA identical in structure to a piece of DNA and RNA that is found in every living thing today. They had no cellular membrane and mutations could occur rapidly. These micro organisms lived on hydrogen sulfide which they disassociated to obtain the hydrogen for the hydrocarbons in their structures. There was no oxygen in the earth’s atmosphere at that time. About a billion years later these micro organisms learned how to disassociate water into hydrogen which they needed, and oxygen was released to the atmosphere and built up to its present level of about 30%.

 

“About two billion hears ago cells developed and mutations required the mating of two cells and the production of offspring. From that beginning all plants and animals in the world have evolved. The virus-type micro organisms still exist in all living things and can mutate much more rapidly than cells. It is through their action that such things as immunity to antibiotics can build up rapidly.

 

“The structure of the atom.

 

All of the amazing technical progress in the twentieth century has been based on scientific knowledge that was in place before the end of the nineteenth century. The basic laws of electricity and magnetism, Newton’s laws of gravity, Maxwell’s equations, were all known before the turn of the century. The atom was thought to consist of a simple nucleus of protons and neutrons surrounded by various numbers of electrons. This image could explain the periodic table and all of the electronic development of the twentieth century, the Poulsen arc, the vacuum tube, and the transistor were all based on this simple image of the atom. Einstein’s theories and the relationship of mass and energy were developed during the first half of the century, but this did not change the basic concept of a simple structure of the atom.

 

“The high energy physics projects, the Stanford linear accelerator and all other accelerators were driven by the cold war. There was serious concern that the Soviets might discover some new nuclear phenomena that would give them a military advantage. From this high energy research we learned that the atom is not a simple structure, but consists of ten or so different particles with weak forces ands strong forces. It is far different from the simple structure it was thought to be.

 

“Under the theory of the simple structure we could deal with only those materials that occur in nature. With knowledge of the complex structure it is now possible to make materials that do not occur in nature. Glass that is ductile, not brittle for example. This new knowledge about the atom opens up a whole new era, particularly I think for the information industry. I saw recently a demonstration in which nerve cells had been made to grow in an inorganic structure. This new knowledge about the nature of the physical universe will give us a better understanding of how the brain works, an ability to understand and utilize to our advantage the physical world in which we live. This means that your LSI’s will utilize organic material in the future.

 

“From this perspective, I do not think what happens this year in the political arena will be of any importance whatever in the long term. With these new horizons in front of you the opportunity for progress in the twenty-first century is clearly going to be far greater than the opportunity we have had in the twentieth century.”

 

1992 – Hewlett Speeches

 

Box 3, Folder 54 – General Speeches

 

May, 1992 – Random thoughts on “The HP Way”, Santa Clara, CA

(See also speech March 25, 1982 – “The Human Side of Management”)

 

5/92, Copy of typewritten text of remarks

 

Hewlett says every company has its traditions, and at Hewlett-Packard these became known as “The HP Way.” In describing some of these “traditions” he starts with a brief review of the background of the company from which the traditions of the HP Way were founded.

 

“It’s important to realize,” he says, “that both Dave Packard and I were products of the Depression. When he graduated in 1934 Dave was one of the few people in our class to get a job offer. I took two graduate years and then came back to build medical equipment for a doctor. Terman realized that Dave and I would each go our independent ways unless he took some steps which he encouraged us to do. He arranged for Packard to come out to Stanford on a fellowship program that did not jeopardize his position at GE. This was in the fall of 1938.”

 

By January, 1939, Packard and Hewlett had decided to try to make a go of it and start a partnership, but they had no idea what they were going to do. Hewlett says they “started with about $500 worth of capital and set up shop in a one-car garage where Dave and his wife, Lucile, were living. Shortly thereafter, I was married and as both our wives had jobs at Stanford, they supported us until, by a sneaky move, they arranged to have children.”

 

“In the early days,” Hewlett says, “Dave and I did everything – kept the books, swept the floors, designed and manufactured various specialty products – anything that would bring in money. We built a clock drive for a telescope at Mount Hamilton. We made a shocking machine for a promoter that was thought to make people lose weight, and almost accidentally, took an idea that came from my thesis at Stanford on a piece of electronic measurement equipment called an audio oscillator.”

 

They sent out flyers to various university engineering departments and, much to their surprise, kept getting back orders. “One day,” Hewlett says, “we had a request from Walt Disney Studios. The engineer there wanted us to build eight of these products with a different set of electrical specifications….This was our largest order to date.”

 

Hewlett had a reserve commission in the Army and was called to active duty in the fall of 1941. By that time they had 17 employees and had set up shop in two small buildings near the corner of El Camino and Page Mill Road in Palo Alto. During the war the company built test and measurement equipment for the electronic industry, and grew to 250 employees.

 

After the war, Hewlett returned, but business had fallen greatly, and employment was down to about 80 people. “It was a critical time,” he says, “and we had to decide whether we were going to cut back and be a small company or whether the prospect was bright, keep the same corporate structure, and hope to move on. Fortunately, we chose the latter course.”

 

Talking again about the development of The HP Way, Hewlett says, “When we started the company we wanted to observe two principles. One, we did not want to borrow our capital, and two, we did not want to run a ‘hire and fire’ operation….We didn’t want that kind of a company. We wanted a company that was built around people.”

 

“In the early days there was very little to separate the owners from the workers. We were a single team and as we worked with our employees, we had an opportunity to observe what their lives were like and what the company meant to them.”

 

During this time they also decided to establish a form of a production bonus. “We chose a very simple formula that about 30% of gross income would be paid to our employees. This was pro-rated as a percentage of their base salary so that everyone from the top to the bottom (ourselves excluded) received the same percentage bonus….As the company grew in size…the earlier, primitive bonus plan was not effective and we agreed to save 12 % of our pre-tax earnings under a current cash bonus, paid on a percentage of base salary and a 10% contribution to the employee on a preferred [deferred?] basis.”

 

Hewlett tells of an employee who contracted tuberculosis and had to leave work for some two years. He says “Rather that let the full impact of this fall on his family, we decided that we would share an amount equivalent to what he would have earned, plus something to carry the medical expenses. After this experience, we decided we needed to formalize the process and so we were one of the first people to take out catastrophic medical insurance.”

 

“One of the first things we did was to say there will be no time clocks to punch. That was a statement that ‘we trust you.’ Later on, borrowed from experience in our German plant, we set up a program for flexible time of arrival. That means an employee can arrive anywhere from 6:00AM to 9:00AM, provided he works the full 8 hours. [It became a two hour window, 6:30AM to 8:30AM in most plants.]

 

“Another hangover from the early days was the open door policy. That said that anyone who had a grievance had a right to come in and see Dave or me. Admittedly, there was a certain screening involved in this, but if the individual had a good cause, Dave and I certainly saw them. This is a tricky road to follow because you have to be careful not to undercut management’s decisions.”

 

“Another technique that we used to democratize the company was the program of ‘communication lunches.’ Dave and  I would visit a plant and say that we would like to have lunch with 15 or 20 of the employees from below the supervisorial level. The purpose of this was two-fold – one, to find out what your employees really thought, and two, [to see if] your ideas were really getting down to them.”

 

Hewlett says his definition of the HP Way would be “that it was to recognize the status of the average person. Dave shows it a little differently but says the same thing – to observe the golden rule – to do unto others as you would have them do unto us.”

 

“Over the years, these traditions have become the very part and fabric of the company. At awards luncheons, I would very often say that the continuance of the HP Way is dependent upon the old-time employee. He says how it works and explains to new employees what it’s all about. These are programs that are very hard to legislate from the top. They must be endemic in an organization.”

 

“We had one interesting, although unfortunate, example of this earlier in the month. One of our sales employees was murdered in Baltimore and when the news of this spread, there was an outswelling of support and comfort to the widow and four children. A program was set up to provide a fund for the education of these children,  and in the first week, roughly $75,000 had been collected, to say nothing of notes of sympathy and understanding to the widow and her family. This is a program that was not sponsored by top management but from the ranks of the company, which is a true indication of the HP Way at work.”

 

 

Box 3, Folder 55 – General Speeches

 

October 19, 1992 – Meeting of American Institute of Physics, Palo Alto, CA

 

10/19/92, Page of notes handwritten by Hewlett

 

In his notes Hewlett states that it is not a coincidence that two papers are being presented by HP people.

 

He says the American Institute is an important organization with over 100,000 members, that can help solve some of the world’s problems “such as global warming, the ozone hole, as well as many aspects of pollution control.” He stressed the importance of science education.

 

10/19/92, Copy of typed list of attendees at meeting

7/15/92, Note from Barry Bronson to Bill Hewlett saying HP will be hosting the annual meeting of the AIP, 150-200 attending from around the US. Asks Hewlett if he would open the meeting with a 5 minute welcome.

Several AIP publications/pamphlets

10/28/92, Letter to Hewlett from Kenneth Ford, AIP, saying the meeting at HP was “one of the finest such meetings” they have had. They particularly appreciated the outstanding arrangements.

11/3/92, Copy of a letter to Kenneth Ford from Hewlett thanking him for his “gracious” letter.

10/16/92, Copy of a letter to Hewlett from Bill Shreve giving some background on the AIP along with some suggestions on topics he might mention

10/30/92, Copy of a letter to Hewlett from William R. Shreve, HP Labs, thanking him for his opening remarks